Jurnal Esensi Hukum is published by the Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta. This journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and preventing any form of academic misconduct throughout the publication process. This statement applies to all parties involved, including authors, editors, peer reviewers, and journal managers. All publication ethics policies herein are guided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), particularly the COPE Core Practices and COPE Guidance and Tools.

Duties of Authors

1. Reporting Standards. Authors should present an accurate account of the original research performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Researchers should present their results honestly and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. A manuscript should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable. Manuscripts should follow the submission guidelines of the journal.
2. Originality and Plagiarism. Authors must ensure that they have written entirely original work. The manuscript should not be submitted concurrently to more than one publication unless the editors have agreed to co-publication. Relevant previous work and publications, both by other researchers and the authors' own, should be properly acknowledged and referenced. The primary literature should be cited where possible. Original wording taken directly from publications by other researchers should appear in quotation marks with the appropriate citations.
3. Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publications. Authors should not, in general, submit the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently. Authors should also not publish redundant manuscripts or manuscripts describing the same research in more than one journal. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Multiple publications arising from a single research project should be clearly identified as such, and the primary publication should be referenced.
4. Acknowledgement of Sources. Authors should acknowledge all sources of data used in the research and cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work. Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given.
5. Authorship of the Paper. The authorship of research publications should accurately reflect individuals' contributions to the work and its reporting. Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. Others who have made significant contributions must be listed as co-authors. Contributors who made less substantial or purely technical contributions should be listed in an acknowledgement section instead. Authors must also ensure that all co-authors have seen and agreed to the submitted version of the manuscript and their inclusion as co-authors. The full criteria, rules on author order, changes to the author list, contribution statements, and the use of AI tools appear in the Authorship and Contributorship policy.
6. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest. All authors should clearly disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
7. Fundamental Errors in Published Works. If an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in a submitted manuscript, the author should promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.
8. Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects. The author should clearly identify in the manuscript if the work involves chemicals, procedures, or equipment that have any unusual hazards inherent in their use.

Duties of Editor

1. Publication Decisions. Based on the review report of the editorial board, the editor can accept, reject, or request modifications to the manuscript. The validity of the work in question and its importance to researchers and readers must always drive such decisions. Editors may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. Editors may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision. Editors must take responsibility for everything they publish and should have procedures and policies in place to ensure the quality of the material they publish and to maintain the integrity of the published record.
2. Review of Manuscripts. Editors must ensure that each manuscript is initially evaluated for originality. Editors should organize and use peer review fairly and wisely. Editors should explain their peer review process in the information for authors and indicate which parts of the journal are peer reviewed. Editors should select appropriate peer reviewers for manuscripts under consideration, choosing reviewers with sufficient expertise and avoiding those with conflicts of interest.
3. Fair Play. Editors must ensure that each manuscript received by the journal is evaluated for its intellectual content without regard to the authors' sex, gender, race, religion, citizenship, or other personal characteristics. Upholding the principle of editorial independence and integrity is essential to making fair and unbiased decisions. Editors hold a position of significant influence over publication decisions, which makes it essential that this process remains as fair and unbiased as possible.
4. Confidentiality. Editors must ensure that information regarding manuscripts submitted by authors is kept confidential. Editors should critically assess any potential breaches of data protection and confidentiality. This includes requiring properly informed consent for the research presented and, where applicable, consent for publication.

Duties of Reviewers

1. Contribution to Editorial Decisions. Peer review assists the editor in making editorial decisions and, through editorial communication with the author, may also help the author improve the manuscript.
2. Promptness. Any invited reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript, or who knows that a prompt review will not be possible, should notify the editor and withdraw from the review process.
3. Confidentiality. Any manuscript received for review must be treated as a confidential document. It must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.
4. Standards of Objectivity. Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.
5. Acknowledgement of Sources. Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had previously been reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. Reviewers should also call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published work of which they have personal knowledge.
6. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and must not be used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not agree to review manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the manuscript.

Duties of Publisher

1. Editorial Guardianship. The Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, as publisher of Jurnal Esensi Hukum, takes seriously its duty of guardianship over all stages of publishing and recognizes its ethical and other responsibilities. The publisher is committed to ensuring that advertising, reprint, or other commercial revenue has no impact or influence on editorial decisions.
2. Cooperation with Other Publishers. The Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, together with the editorial board, will assist in communications with other journals and/or publishers where this is useful and necessary, including in matters relating to suspected research or publication misconduct.
3. Integrity of the Published Record. The publisher supports the editorial board in maintaining the integrity of the published record, including ensuring that mechanisms for correction, clarification, and retraction of articles are available and accessible to the public in accordance with this journal's Retraction Policy.