Jurnal Esensi Hukum upholds the integrity of the scholarly record and follows the retraction guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). A retraction is used to alert readers to publications that contain serious flaws or errors that invalidate their results and conclusions, or that involve research or publication misconduct. This policy applies to all articles published in Jurnal Esensi Hukum, regardless of how long ago they were published.

Grounds for Retraction

The editorial board may retract a published article if one or more of the following conditions are met:

• The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission, or justification, constituting redundant publication.
• The article constitutes plagiarism or reports unethical research.
• The article contains data, results, or interpretations that are found to be fabricated, falsified, or manipulated.
• The authorship of the article is in dispute, or authorship was granted without the knowledge and agreement of all contributors.
• The article contains clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct or honest error.
• The peer review process is found to have been compromised or manipulated.

Retraction Process

1. A concern regarding an article may be raised by readers, authors, reviewers, editors, or the institution of the author. The editorial board will conduct an initial assessment of the concern raised.
2. If the concern is found to be credible, the editorial board will contact the corresponding author to request an explanation and supporting evidence.
3. The editorial board may consult with members of the editorial team, external experts, or the author's institution before making a final decision.
4. If the investigation confirms grounds for retraction, the editorial board will issue a retraction notice and link it to the original article.
5. The decision to retract an article rests with the editorial board and is not contingent on the agreement of the authors.

Retraction Notice

A retracted article is not removed from the journal's website or database. The original article remains accessible, clearly marked as retracted, and linked to a retraction notice that explains the reason for retraction. The retraction notice is published as a separate item in the journal, is freely accessible, and identifies who is retracting the article and the specific grounds for the retraction. The PDF version of the retracted article is watermarked on each page to indicate its retracted status.

Corrections

Minor errors that do not affect the overall validity of the article's findings, conclusions, or interpretations may be addressed through a correction notice rather than a retraction. The editorial board determines whether an error warrants a correction or a retraction based on the severity of its impact on the published work.